Chapter 3 · Virginia SOL Algebra 1

Polynomials

Add, Subtract, FOIL, Factor

📦 What is a Polynomial?

➕ ADD Polynomials

  • 1. Line up LIKE TERMS
  • 2. Add the coefficients
  • 3. Keep the variable!
  • (3x+2) + (5x+4)
  • = (3+5)x + (2+4)
  • = 8x + 6

➖ SUBTRACT Polynomials

  • 1. Distribute the MINUS
  • 2. Flip ALL signs after −
  • 3. Then add like terms
  • (5x+4) − (2x+1)
  • = 5x+4−2x−1
  • = 3x + 3

✖️ MULTIPLY: FOIL

  • F = First: a·c
  • O = Outer: a·d
  • I = Inner: b·c
  • L = Last: b·d
  • (x+2)(x+3)
  • = x²+5x+6

🔍 FACTOR: GCF

  • 1. Find GCF of ALL terms
  • 2. Divide each by GCF
  • 3. Write: GCF(remaining)
  • 6x² + 9x
  • GCF = 3x
  • = 3x(2x + 3)
🎯

FOIL Step-by-Step: (x + 2)(x + 3)

  • First: x·x = x²    Outer: x·3 = 3x    Inner: 2·x = 2x    Last: 2·3 = 6
  • Combine like terms: x² + 3x + 2x + 6 = x² + 5x + 6
  • CHECK: type both forms in Desmos — same graph = same expression!

🔢 Desmos Strategies

3 Ways to Get the Answer!
Strategy 1: Evaluate / Find a Value
  • Type with CAPITAL letters to CHECK
  • Type (X+2)*(X+3)
  • Add slider for X
  • Set X=5 → answer = 56
  • Also type X^2+5*X+6 at X=5
  • Same answer = FOIL is correct!
Strategy 2: Graph / Visualize
  • Type y = (x+2)*(x+3)
  • Type y = x^2+5*x+6
  • SAME GRAPH = they are equal!
  • Two expressions = same curve
  • = your algebra is correct!
  • Compare shapes to verify
Strategy 3: Generate Table
  • Type y = x^2+5*x+6 → Table
  • Also type factored form → Table
  • SAME y-values for each x?
  • YES = your factoring is right!
  • Use Table to verify GCF too!
  • Table is your proof!

Remember This!